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05 July 2012

EBF: Study on Internal Rating Based (IRB) models in Europe - Residential Mortgages


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In this study, the European Banking Federation (EBF) examines the risk-modelling practices of a sample of European banks that apply internal rating based (IRB) approaches for the calculation of the regulatory capital requirement for credit risk in residential mortgages.


Credit risk drivers are analysed in the context of the European mortgage market characteristics. Differences in supervisory practices across European borders are examined according to the experience of the participating banking groups.

The main elements that characterise residential mortgage portfolios and the associated IRB models across Europe are reviewed. Common practices and divergences are commented on throughout the report, including those arising from the drivers of credit risk parameters, notably probability of default (PD) and loss given default (LGD). The information shown across this report has been obtained from an EBF questionnaire supported by supplementary evidence where it is available.

This study is meant to be complementary to other papers that are being (or have been) prepared by analysts and institutions, e.g. the IMF. In addition, articles and comments have been recently published concerning the level of risk-weighted assets (RWA) across jurisdictions. It is important to note that straight comparisons between the RWA figures in Europe and other jurisdictions miss a lot of information that needs to be taken into account for a well-informed interpretation.

This study sheds light on factors and circumstances that explain the state of play of residential mortgage IRB models across Europe and the resulting risk weighting of such assets. The objective of this study is two-fold:

  • to examine the features of IRB methodologies that are widely used by European banks, based on their experience and continued commitment to the development of advanced risk models within the Basel II framework; and
  • to contribute to the identification of areas of divergence.

This is a preliminary look at the banks’ experience in residential mortgage IRB modelling to be used to inform discussions with policy-makers, regulators and supervisors by showing:

  • how the models used by firms reflect the underlying risks in their markets;
  • differences due to market and portfolio characteristics; and
  • differences due to modelling and supervisory divergent practices.

Full study



© EBF


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