At global level, the Commission supports the idea of a Financial Transactions Tax (FTT), which could help fund international challenges such as development or climate change. At EU level, the Commission recommends that a Financial Activities Tax (FAT) would be the preferable option. If carefully designed and implemented, an EU FAT could generate significant revenues and help to ensure greater stability of financial markets, without posing undue risk to EU competitiveness. The Commission will present these ideas to the European Council at the end of October and to the G20 Summit in November.
Algirdas Šemeta, Commissioner for Taxation, Customs, Anti-fraud and Audit, said: "There are good reasons for taxing the financial sector, and feasible ways to do so. I believe that the ideas that the Commission has put forward today are the right ones to ensure that the financial sector makes a fair contribution to the most pressing EU and global challenges."
Taxing the banks: a global and an EU approach
The Commission supports the idea of a Financial Transaction Tax (FTT) at global level, and will continue to work for this within the G20. If ambitious global objectives are to be achieved, in areas such as development aid and climate change, international partners will need to agree on global financing tools. A Financial Transactions Tax would tax every transaction based on its transaction value, resulting in substantial revenues. The Commission believes that a well-implemented, internationally-applied financial transaction tax could be an attractive way of raising the necessary funds for important global policies.
At European level, the Communication suggests that a Financial Activities Tax (FAT) should be considered. A Financial Activities Tax would target the profits and remunerations of financial sector companies. In this way, it would tax the corporations, rather than each actor involved in a financial transaction (as is the case with the FTT). Following in-depth analysis of possible options for taxing the financial sector, the Commission is of the opinion that the FAT would be the best instrument for an appropriate taxation of the financial sector and the need to raise new revenues in the EU.
A fair contribution from the financial sector
In order to assess whether a new financial sector tax could be fully justified, the Commission examined the current contribution of this sector to public budgets. It concluded that that there are good grounds for introducing the financial sector taxes which it has put forward. Firstly, the financial sector was a major cause of the financial crisis and received substantial government support over the past few years. It should therefore properly contribute to the cost of re-building Europe's economies and bolstering public finances. Secondly, a corrective bank tax could complement the essential regulatory measures (including the bank levy and resolution fund) designed to enhance the efficiency of financial markets and to reduce their volatility. Finally, given that the financial sector is exempt from value added tax (VAT) in the EU, such tax would ensure this sector is not under-taxed compared to others. In brief, a new tax could help to ensure that the financial sector makes a fairer and more substantial contribution to public finances, would provide additional sources of revenue and would help create a stable and more efficient financial sector.
Next steps
The Commission will present its Communication to EU Finance Ministers at the ECOFIN Council on 19 October, and to EU Heads of State and Government at the European Council at the end of October. An EU position on financial sector taxation will be presented at the G20 Summit in November, with a view to encouraging international partners to agree on a global approach. The Commission will also begin an in-depth Impact Assessment to further examine the ideas it has set out in today's Communication, with a view to coming forward with policy initiatives in 2011.
© European Commission
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